Pharmacognostic Standardization of the phytochemicals in Andrographis paniculata leaves and Phyllanthus emblica fruit for evaluation of Anthelmintic activity

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the anthelmintic activity of Phyllanthus emblica and Andrographis paniculata using qualitative phytochemical analysis and Pharmacognostical standards. To determine their efficacy, these plants aqueous and ethanolic extract were tested against the (Earthworm) Pheretima posthuma. Phyllanthus emblica and Andrographis paniculata were purchased from the Indian local market. Ethanol and distilled water were used as solvents to create the extracts for anthelmintic screening from dried leaves and fruits. First, using established procedures, the phytochemical makeup of both plants was examined. After that, the anthelmintic activity was assessed against Pheretima posthuma (Earthworm), which was procured from a nearby vermicomposting farm, Lucknow. Glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, fixed oils, and tannins were detected by phytochemical screening in Andrographis paniculata and Phyllanthus emblica. With paralysis and death durations of 12 ± 0.4 and 28 ± 0.2 minutes, respectively, the aqueous extract (50 mg/mL) showed the maximum effectiveness in the anthelmintic investigation. Albendazole (20 mg/mL), a common medication, showed death and paralysis time of 14 ± 0.1 and 7 ± 0.7 minutes, respectively. The study verified the anthelmintic potential of Phyllanthus emblica and Andrographis paniculata against Pheretima posthuma. According to the research, these plants have strong anthelmintic qualities and might be used as substitute therapies for worm infestations.