Study of variations in clinical and hematological profile of dengue patients over time
Keywords:
clinical, hematological, profile, dengueAbstract
Introduction: Dengue fever is an infectious mosquito-borne disease caused by dengue virus. Its symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains and rash. Dengue is endemic in more than 100 countries and causes an estimated 50 million infections annually. Nearly 3.97 billion people from 128 countries are at risk of infection. Individuals infected with dengue exhibit a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to severe clinical manifestations, such as dengue shock syndrome. The WHO regions of Southeast Asia (SEA) and the western Pacific represent ~75% of the current global burden of dengue.
In the recent years there is a change in clinical and haematological features of dengue fever. This study is conducted to objectively identify and quantify the same.
Materials and Methods: Prospective observational study conducted in KIMS, Hubli from 2017 to 2019.
Results: Out of 101 cases, 60 male and 41 female studied in 2017 and 74 cases 50 male and 24 female in 2018, the average platelet counts were 58861±48917 and 75837±49734 respectively. The difference was statistically significant. Out of 101 cases, 26 (25.74%) had rashes, 5(4.95%) had bleeding manifestations and 2(1.98%) had joint pain. Out of 74 cases in 2019, 1(1.35%) had rashes, 3(4.05%) had bleeding manifestations and 4(5.40%) presented with joint pain. 22(21.78%) out of 101 cases in 2017 required platelet transfusion as compared to 5(6.75%) out of 74 cases in 2019.
Limitations: Serotyping for dengue virus was not done so the variations in clinical and platelet profile could not be attributed to specific serotype of dengue virus.
Conclusion: There is an overall decrease in severity of manifestations of dengue fever overtime with significant reduction in the patients suffering from dengue fever requiring platelet transfusions. Serotyping can be included as a routine workup for patients with dengue fever so as to improve prognostication.
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