Analysis of prevalence of risk factors in patients aged 45 years presenting with acute coronary syndrome

Authors

  • Anish Patel Shivam Pharmaceutical Studies and Research Centre, Valasan, Gujarat
  • Sunil Thanvimd B and M Patel Cardiac Centre, Shree Krishna Hospital, Karamsad, Gujarat
  • Utsav Patel B and M Patel Cardiac Centre, Shree Krishna Hospital, Karamsad, Gujarat

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbr.v9i9.4876

Keywords:

Acute coronary syndrome

Abstract

Objective: 1) To examine the relationship between the life style and co-morbid conditions in patients having age of 45 years presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome. 2) Effect of the risk factors on Acute cornary syndrome i.e. Non ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, or Unstable Angina.

Methods: Data were analyzed from 52 Acute Coronary Syndrome patients admitted at the Intensive Care Unit of B and M Patel Cardiac Centre, Shree Krishna hospital during from October 2013 to March 2014, as part of the research objective. Acute Coronary Syndrome patient 45 years of age diagnosed with either Non ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, or Unstable Angina were enrolled.

Results: A total of 52 patients were 45 years of age with mean age of 31.50

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Xavier D, Prempais, Devereaux PJ, Xie Changchun, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS, et al. ''Treatment and outcomes of acute coronary syndrome in India (create): A prospective analysis of registry data''. Lancet. 2008; 371(9622):1435-1442.

Sharma M, Ganguly NK. ''Premature coronary artery disease in Indians and its associated risk factors''. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2005; 1: 217-225.

Raihanathul Misiriya KJ, Sudhayakumar N, Abdul Khadar S, Raju George, VL Jayaprakash, Joseph M Pappachan. ''The Clinical spectrum of acute coronary syndrome: Experience from a Major Center in Kerala''. JAPI. 2009; 57: 377-383.

Antman EM, Tanasijevic MJ, Thompson B. ''Cardiac Specific troponin I levels to predict the risk of mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes''. N Engl J Med 1996: 1342-1349.

Pierre Theroux, John A Cairns. ''Non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: unstable angina and non- ST segment elevation myocardial infarction''. Evidence based Cardiology. 2010; 3:410-414.

Diercks DB, Peacock WF, Hiestand BC, Chen AY, Pollack CV Jr., Kirk JD, Smith SC Jr., Gibler WB, Ohman EM, Blomkalns AL, Newby LK, Hochman JS, Peterson ED, Roe MT. ''Frequency and consequences of recording an electrocardiogram.10 min after arrival in an emergency room in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (from the CRUSADE Initiative)''. Am J Cardiol. 2006; 97:437 – 442.

Savonitto S, Ardissino D, Granger CB, Morando G, Prando MD, Mafrici A, Cavallini C, Melandri G, Thompson TD, Vahanian A, Ohman EM, Califf RM, Van de Werf F, Topol EJ. ''Prognostic value of the admission electrocardiogram in acute coronary syndromes''. JAMA. 1999; 281:707 – 713.

Thygesen K, Joseph S. Alpert, Allan S. Jaffe, Maarten L. Simoons, Bernard R. Chaitman and Harvey D. White ''Universal definition of myocardial infarction''. Circulation. 2007; 116: 2634 – 2653.

Okamatsu K, Takano M, Sakai S, Ishibashi F, Uemura R, Takano T, Mizuno K. ''Elevated troponin T levels and lesion characteristics in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes''. Circulation 2004; 109: 465 – 470.

Sidney C. Smith, Jr, Emelia J. Benjamin, Robert O. Bonow, ''AHA/ACC Guidelines for Preventing Heart Attack and Death in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: 2001 update. A statement for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association and The American College of Cardiology''. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001; 38:1581-1583.

De Backer G, Ambrosioni E, Borch Johnsen K, Brotons C, Cifkova R, Dallongeville J, Ebrahim S, et al. ''European Guideline on Cardiovascular Prevention in Clinical Practice. Third Joint Task Force of European and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice''. Eur Heart J 2003: 1601-1610.

Sidney C. Smith Jr, Jerilyn Allen, Steven N. Blair, Robert O. Bonow, Lawrence M. Brass, Gregg C. Fonarow, et al. ''AHA/ACC Guidelines for Secondary prevention for Patients with Coronary and other Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease: 2006 Update: Endorsed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute''. Circulation 2006: 2363-2372.

Mohan V., Sandeep S., Deepa R., Shah B., Varghese C. ''Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes: Indian scenario''. Indian J Med Res 2007: 217-230.

Gupta. R. ''Trends in hypertension epidemiology in India''. J Hum Hypertens 2004: 73-78.

C.V. Prabhakaran D, Shah P, Manhapra A, Jeemon P, Shah B, et al. ''Differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in urban and rural India: a problem of urbanization''. Chronic Illness: 2007; 8-19.

Enas EA,C.V, Pazhoor SG, Chennikkara H, Devarapalli HP. ''Dyslipidemia in South Asian patients''. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2007: 367-374.

Daly LE , R Mulcahy, Graham IM, Hickey N. ''Long term effect on mortality of stopping smoking after unstable angina and myocardial infarction''. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed): 1983: 324–326.

Thun MJ, Richard Peto, Alan D Lopez, Jane H Monaco, Jane Henley, Clark W. Heath, Richard Doll ''Alcohol consumption and mortality among middle-aged and elderly U.S. adults''. N Engl J Med. 1997; 337:1705-1714.

US Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 2005.

World Health Organization. ''Global health risks, mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks'', 2009.

Keil U, Liese A, Filipiak B, Swales JD, Grobbee DE. ''Alcohol, blood pressure and hypertension''. Novartis Found Symp: 1998; 125–144.

Yusuf S, Steven Hawken, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, McQueen M, Budaj A, Pais P, Varigos J, Lisheng L. ''Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study''. Lancet. 2004; 364:937–952.

Fogelholm M, Kukkonen-HarjulaK. ''Does physical activity prevent weight gain–a systematic review''. Obes Rev. 2000; 1:95–111.

Alice H. Lichtenstein, Lawrence J. Appel, Michael Brands, Mercedes Carnethon, Stephen Daniels, Harold A. Franch, Barry Franklin, Penny Kris-Etherton, William S. Harris, Barbara Howard, NjeriKaranja, Michael Lefevre, Lawrence Rudel, Frank Sacks, Linda Van Horn, Mary Winston ,Judith Wylie-Rosett. ''Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations Revision 2006: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee''. Circulation. 114:82-96.

Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, Dietz WH, Vinicor F, Bales VS, Marks JS. ''Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001''. JAMA. 2003; 289: 76 -79.

Reeves MJ, Rafferty AP ''Healthy lifestyle characteristics among adults in the United States, 2000''. Arch Intern Med. 2005; 165:854–857.

John A. Spertus, Richard Kettelkamp, Clifton Vance, Carole Decker, Philip G. Jones, John S. Rumsfeld, John C. Messenger, Sanjaya Khanal, Eric D. Peterson, Richard G. Bach, Harlan M. Krumholz, David J. Cohen. ''Prevalence, predictors, andoutcomes of premature discontinuation of thienopyridine therapy after drug-eluting stent placement: results from the PREMIER registry''. Circulation. 2006; 113:2803–2809.

Rose GA, ''Cardiovascular survey methods'', World Health Organization (WHO Monograph Series, No 56), Vol. 02, Geneva, 1982, pp. 150-163.

Jindal S.K. ''A review of Population studies from India to estimate National Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Its Association with Smoking''. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2001; 43:139-147.

E.A. Enas. ''How to beat the heart disease epidemic among South Asians''. In Dr. Enas (ed.), ''A prevention and management guide for Asian Indians and their doctors'', Vol. 5, Grace Printing, Chicago, 2010.

Prashanth Panduranga, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, and Said Abdelrahman. ''Acute Coronary Syndrome in Young Adults from Oman: Results from the Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events''. Heart Views 2010; 11(3): 93–98.

Stamler J, Neaton James D. ''Diabetes, other Risk factors, and 12 Yr Cardiovascular mortality for men screened in multiple risk factor intervention trial''. Diabetes Care. 1993; 16: 434-444.

Kate marsh. ''Health implications of a vegetarian diet: a review''. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. 2011; x: 1-18.

Anthony Rodgers, Patrick Vaughan, et al. ''The World Health Report 2002- Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life'', Geneva, 2002.

Murray CJ, Lopez AD. ''Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990-2020: Global Burden of Disease Study''. Lancet. 1997; 349:1498-1504.

ASSOCHAM. ''Cardiovascular diseases in India-Challenges and way ahead''. In D.T.T.I.P. Limited (ed.), International Heart Protection Summit, Hotel-The Ashok, Chanakya Puri, New Delhi, September 2011, p. 11.

Michael Gaziano J., E Julie. Jan L Buring,. Breslow, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Bernard Rosner, Martin Van Denburgh, Walter Willett, and Charles H. Hennekens. ''Moderate Alcohol Intake, Increased Levels of High Density Lipoproteins and its Subfractions, and Decreased Risk of Myocardial Infarction''. N Engl J Med. 1993; 329:1829-1834.

Meenakshi Bakshi Mehan, Somila Surabhi, Gautami T Solanki ''Risk factor of non-communicable diseases among middle-income (18-65 years) free living urban population of India''. Int J Diab Dev Ctries. 2006; 26:169-176.

Darnton-Hill I, James WP. ''A life course approach to diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases''. Public Health Nutr: 2004; 101–121.

Salim Yusuf, Stephanie Ôunpuu, Leonelo Bautista, Maria Grazia Franzosi, Patrick Commerford, Chim C Lang, Zvonko Rumboldt, Churchill L Onen, Liu Lisheng, SupachaiTanomsup, Paul Wangai Jr, Fahad Razak, Arya M Sharma, Sonia S Anand, on behalf of the Interheart Study Investigators. ''Obesity and the risk of myocardial infarction in 27000 participants from 52 countries: a case-control study''. Lancet. 2005; 366:1640–1649.

Darnton-Hill I, Nishida C and James WPT. ''A life course approach to diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases''. Public Health Nutrition. 2004; 7(1A):101–121.

Rastogi Tanuja, Vaz Mario, Spiegelman Donna, D Prabhakaran, Walter C Willett, Meir J Stampfer, and Alberto Ascherio. ''Diet and risk of ischemic heart disease in India''. Am J Clin Nutr: 2004; 582–592.

Francesca L Crowe, Ruth C Travis, and Timothy J Key. ''Risk of hospitalization or death from ischemic heart disease among British vegetarians and nonvegetarians: results from the EPIC-Oxford cohort study''. Am J Clin Nutr: 2013: 1-7.

Gupta Sushil, Gaurav Kumar, Bhise Manoj. ''Emerging risk factors for cardiovascular diseases: Indian context''. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 17: (Sep-Oct 2013).

Saxena Vartika, Goel Deepak, Bansal Sushil. ''Prevalence of Risk-Factors Of Non-Communicable Diseases In Rural Population Of Block Doiwala Dehradun''. Indian Journal of Community Health. 23:65-68 (Dec 2011).

Kumar Amit, Nagtilak S.. "Behavioural pattern, life style and socio economic status in elderly Normolipidemic Acute Myocardial Infarct Subjects - A case control Study from South Asia". The Internet Journal of Cardiavascular Research. 2009; 6.

Hans-Richard Arntza, Nicolas Danchinc, Nikolaos I. Nikolaoud. ''European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010''. Elsevier. 81:1353-1363 (2010).

Downloads

Published

2018-09-28

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles

How to Cite

1.
Analysis of prevalence of risk factors in patients aged 45 years presenting with acute coronary syndrome. Int Jour of Biomed Res [Internet]. 2018 Sep. 28 [cited 2025 Mar. 12];9(9):309-1. Available from: https://ssjournals.co.in/index.php/ijbr/article/view/4876