Study of ectopic pregnancy in reference to diagnostic and treatment modalities

Abstract

Introduction: An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized ovum implants outside the normal uterine cavity. It is the most important cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in the first trimester. Our aim is to explore the role of various diagnostic aids and treatment modalities in suspected and unusual cases. Materials and methods: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sri Aurobindo medical college and post graduate institution, Indore, MP from April 2014 to July 2015. All patients included in the study were diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy, in reproductive age group of 15-49 years. Total 50 patients participated in the study. A pre structured and pre tested questionnaire was used to know age, parity, risk factors and modes of presentation of ectopic pregnancy. Result: Urine pregnancy test was positive in 45 (90%) of the cases. Ultrasonography diagnosed complex adnexal mass in 94% of the patients. Periodic Serum ?-hCG done in 10 (20%) cases, The commonest site of ectopic pregnancy was fallopian tube in 48(96%) cases. Salpingectomy was the most commonly performed radical surgery (74%cases).Medical management was successful in 66.6% cases. Laparoscopic management was successful in 84.61% cases. Conventional Laparotomy was successful in 100% cases.74% patients had undergone salpingectomy, among which 20%) cases were successfully managed by laparoscopy, whereas 8% cases were successfully managed by methotrexate. 82% cases required blood transfusion. Significant anaemia (Hemoglobin 8g%) in 30 (60%) patients and Blood transfusions in 41 (82%) cases Conclusion: early diagnosis using various methods and management and treatment plan governs the outcome in case of ectopic pregnancy