Effects of short term pranayama on certain cardiovascular risk factors

Abstract

Introduction : Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major causes of death in adult men and women. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) constitute major disorders like ischaemic heart disease (IHD), hypertension (HTN) and stroke. CVD is the most common cause of death in developed countries in adult men and women. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is clearly of pressing clinical and economic significance underscoring the need for effective primary preventive efforts that target common, modifiable risk factors. Chronic psychological stress and negative affective states contribute significantly to hypertension and dyslipidemia, and ultimately increase risk for CVD morbidity and mortality. In light of the strong influence of psychosocial factors and sympathetic activation on the development of CVD, mind-body therapies may have considerable potential in the prevention and treatment of CVD. Material and Methods : The present study was conducted on 60 healthy volunteers (30 females and 30 males of 17-20 years of age. They performed pranayama practice daily for 10 weeks. Blood Total Cholesterol level, Blood HDL Cholesterol level, Heart Rate and Blood Pressure were recorded before and after pranayama practice. Result : A significant decrease in heart rate and systolic blood pressure were observed while diastolic blood pressure, blood total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels did not show any significant change after 10 weeks of pranayama. Conclusion : Short term practice of pranayama shows a significant decrease in heart rate and systolic blood pressure in young healthy volunteers. The effects on lipoid profile need further research in terms of the age of the subjects, duration of pranayama and inclusion of yogic exercises.