Effect of grain size and temperature on DC electrical conductivity of tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by gel combustion method

Abstract

Tin oxide (SnO2) nanomaterials of different grain size have been prepared using gel combustion method by varying the fuel (C6H8O7) to oxidizer (HNO3) molar ratio as a process parameter. The prepared samples were characterized by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Analysis X-ray Spectroscope (EDAX). The XRD patterns showed the formation of single phase Tetragonal rutile structure. The average particle size is found to be in the range of 19 34 nm. SEM images show high porosity in the material. The DC electrical conductivity of SnO2 thick film increases with the temperature significantly from 308K to 670K.The DC electrical conductivity of SnO2 thick film decreases with decrease in grain size due to the effect of surface to volume ratio while activation energy increases with decrease of grain size.