A study of antimicrobial utilisation for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in paediatric inpatient at tertiary care hospital of north-eastern part of India
Keywords:
Antimicrobials, LRTIs, drug utilization, paediatricsAbstract
Aim: The study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial utilization in paediatric ward for LRTIs patients.
Materials and methods: A retrospective, observational study was undertaken in a paediatric inpatient of JNIMS. Case sheets of 627 patients of either sex age group 1 month to 12 years clinically diagnosed with LRTIs were studied over the 18 months period. Age, sex, antimicrobial agents (AMAs) received, different LRTIs and types of AMAs used, duration of AMAs treatment, duration of hospital stay, micro-organisms isolated and disease outcome were evaluated. Data collected were typed into Microsoft excel 2019 and transferred into SPSS25 for descriptive statistical analysis.
Results: Mean age was 32.9 months. Out of 827 prescriptions, cephalosporins {521(58.08%)} were the most frequently prescribed followed by aminoglycosides {180(20.07%)}. Out of cephalosporins, ceftriaxone (234) was the most commonly used. The drugs were prescribed mostly in generic name {644(71.79%)}. The AMAs treatment range from 1 to 36 days. The maximum number of antimicrobials used in a single patient was 6. The average AMAs used per patient was 1.45. Route of administration was mostly intravenous. Average hospital stay duration was 5.24 days. Male patients {418(66.67%)were more than females {209(33.33%)}. Staphylococcus aureus (29) was the most common micro-organisms isolated. 620(98.88%) patients recovered while 7 (1.12%) died.
Conclusions: This study has given an insight into timely, appropriate and adequate use of antimicrobial agents in LRTIs to improve disease outcome. There is less morbidity and mortality seen. There is rational use of AMAs in this hospital as seen by this study.
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