Biochemical and histopathological effects of the aqueous stem-bark extract of Balanite aegyptiaca (Del) on the liver and kidney of adult Wister rats
Keywords:
Balanite aegyptica, Toxicity, Medicinal plant, liver and kidneyAbstract
Herbs has been accepted and widely used by large population of individuals as an alternative source of medicine in Africa and other parts of the world. However, the major concern is that, most of the medicinal plants used have not been evaluated for safety and toxicity, thus affecting the major organs of the body such as liver and kidney. This study investigated the effects of the aqueous extract of Balanite aegyptiaca stem-bark on the liver and kidney in rats. A total of 28 rats (both sexes) were randomly divided in to four groups with group I serving as the normal control group, while groups II, III and IV are the experimental groups and were administered with 150 mgkg-1, 300 mgkg-1 and 450 mgkg-1 body weight of the extract respectively for period of 21 days. The level of the serum urea and creatinine increased significantly (P<0.05) in the groups treated with 300 mgkg-1 and 450 mgkg-1. There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in the level of liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP) in all the treated groups which was found to be dose dependent. There was a decrease in the LDH level in groups treated with 150 mgkg-1 and 300 mgkg-1 while a significant increase in the group treated with 450 mgkg-1 was observed. The level of G-6-PDH decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the group treated with 450 mgkg-1. There is a gross alteration in the histomorphology of the liver and kidney in the treated groups. The alterations in both biochemical parameters and histomorphological features provide a supportive evidence for functional alteration of liver and kidney. Therefore chronic intake of aqueous stem -bark extract of Balanite aegyptiaca resulted to functional and morphological alterations in liver and kidney of wister rats.
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