Phytochemistry, proximate analysis, mineral and vitamin compositions of Psidium guajava linn in methanol root and leaf extracts

Abstract

Psidium guajava Linn, is a medicinal plant and food crop cultivated in tropical and subtropical countries and used widely as food, and in folk medicine in the treatment and prevention of many diseases around the universe. But, the Pharmacological basis for its various therapeutic applications has not been elucidated. Samples of P. guajava L. Root and leaf extracts were analysed and its Phytochemistry, proximate analysis, vitamins and mineral constituents were revealed. The Phytochemical analysis indicated that P. guajava L. Root and leaf methanol extracts contain Gallic Acid (Root 0.01mg, leaf 0.02mg), malic acid (Root 0.02mg, leaf 0.01mg), Tannin (Root 0.022mg, Leaf 0.01mg), Leukocyanidins (Root 0.01mg, leaf 0.03mg), Sterols (Root 0.011mg, leaf 0.02mg), Flavonoid (Root 0.11mg, leaf 0.32mg), chlorogenic Acid (Root 0.12mg, leaf 0.13mg), Ferulic acid (Root 0.01mg, leaf 0.01mg), Ellagic acid (Root 0.011mg, leaf 0.021mg), Avicularin (Root 0.001mg, leaf 0.003mg), and Limonene (Root 0.001mg, leaf 0.001mg), the proximate analysis revealed the presence of moisture (Root 81%, leaf 83%), Protein (Root 0.62%, leaf 0.58%), Carbohydrate (Root 6.22%, leaf 6.31%), Total Fat (Root 0.55%, leaf 0.61%), Saturate Fat (Root 0.163%, leaf 0.158%), and Ash (Root 0.62%, leaf 0.63%). Psidium guajava also contain these minerals K (Root 301mg, Leaf 300mg), Na (Root 3.42mg, Leaf 3.40mg), Zn (Root 0.36mg, Leaf 0.35mg), Fe (Root 0.62mg, Leaf 0.59mg), Mg (Root 13mg, Leaf 13.8mg), P (Root 28mg, Leaf 30mg), Ca (Root 22mg, Leaf 23mg), and also vitamins including Vit. A (Root 79g, Leaf 78.2g), Vit.B (Root 0.06mg, Leaf 0.05mg), Vit. B ₂ (Root 0.08mg, Leaf 0.09mg), Vit B ₆ (Root 0.136mg, Leaf 0.140mg), Vit. C (Root 102mg, Leaf 100mg), Vit. E (Root 1.36mg, Leaf 1.39mg), Niacin (Root 1.52mg, Leaf 1.49mg), Folate (Root 16g, Leaf 13g). These Phytochemicals, Proximates, Minerals and Vitamins found in these medicinal plant has justified its scientific rationale behind its folklore medicinal uses.