Clinicohaematological profile of aplastic anaemia in BRIMS, Teaching Hospital, Bidar

Abstract

Objectives: There is a scarcity of clinical data in the field of aplasitc anaemia from rural India. Present study was conducted in BRIMS, Teaching Hospital, Bidar to find out the clinicohaematological profile and the possible aetiological factors in patients with aplastic anemia. Methodology: The study population (n=100) included 25 children with male to female ratio 4.93:1. weakness was present in all cases and pallor was present in 74.70% cases. Fever, bleeding episodes and localized infection were found in 55.42%, 48.19% and 27.71% cases respectively. There was no difference in clinical manifestation between children and adult except occurrence of fever (p=0.0365). Results: We identified possible aetiological factors in 32.53% cases as relevant drug intake in 10.84%, exposure of chemicals in 13.25% and hepatitis in 8.43% cases. We found low mean haemoglobin (3.811.71g/dl), leucocyte and platelet (3.051.3 and 37.3035X103/ cmm, neuytrophil (30.2821.76%) and high lymphocyte (67.2722.50%) in peripheral blood. At the time of presentation, aplastic anaemia was moderate in 59.04% cases, severe in 48.19% cases and mild cases. We estimated the prevalence of aplastic anemia in 4 district of Karnataka including tea garden areas was 2.98/ million population per year.