Aetiology and Predictors of Outcome of Mechanically Ventilated Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Unit of a Rural Tertiary Health Care Center
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbar.v9i7.4867Keywords:
Mechanical ventilation, Intensive care units (ICU), Aetiologies, Predictors, Tracheostomy, Inotropes support, MortalityAbstract
Background: The need for mechanical ventilation (MV) is a frequent reason for admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). The principal indications for MV are airway protection and respiratory failure which are considered the most common vital organ failure seen in critically ill patients.
Aims and Objectives: To identify the aetiologies leading to MV and predictors of outcome in patients on MV.
Methods: Total 138 patients of both sexes admitted to MICU of tertiary care hospital having age > 12 years and who was subjected to invasive MV were included in the study. Different demographic, clinical and laboratory variables were recorded at the time of admission, during the ICU stay and at time of discharge.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 43.22 years, ranging from 14-75 years with male predominance (73.91%). The most common etiology for MV was poisoning (53.6%). The mortality was 42.1%.Total 77 patients required tracheostomy and 35 patients required inotropes support with mortality of 31.1% and 62.8 % respectively. The mean length of stay in ICU before MV, on MV and total length of stay in ICU in survivors was 0.9, 6.11 and 9 day while in non survivors was 0.78, 5.9 and 6.4 days respectively. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio in survivors was 282.87 while in non survivors it was 198.68. The mean GCS, APACHE II and SOFA score was 8.62, 16.26 and 7.84 in survivors while it was 6.47, 24.4 and 10.62 in non survivors respectively.
Conclusion: The most common etiology was poisoning. The age, coronary artery disease and hypertension, hypotension on presentation, use of tracheostomy and inotropes, total duration of ICU stay, all ABG parameters were significant predictors of outcome but tracheostomy was a better predictor of outcome while increased duration of stay in ICU also leads to improved outcome.
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