Histological study of human gallbladder

Abstract

Background and objectives: Gallbladder is one of the organs having a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from congenital anomalies, calculi and its complications, non-inflammatory, inflammatory to the neoplastic lesions. Gallstones are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world affecting 10% of adult population. While Gallbladder cancer is a disease of the elderly; it affects patients in their 70s, with a female to male ratio 5:1. The aim was to study the distribution with respect to age and sex and the usefulness of histological evaluation of gallbladder. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 100 cases of gallbladder lesions during the period of April 2010 to October 2011. Results: Lesions of gallbladder were more common seen in females with a male to female ratio of 1:2.3. Gallbladder lesions were more commonly found in 4th and 5th decades of the patients. Out of 100 cases, Non- neoplastic lesions found in 95 cases (95%) and Neoplastic lesion found in 5 cases (5%) with the ratio being 19:1. The commonest histological observation found was chronic calculous cholecystitis in 46 cases (46%) followed by acute calculous cholecystitis in 9 cases (9%). Conclusion: Female in their 4th decade are common sufferer of Gallbladder diseases. Gallstones and their consequences are the major factors for histomorphological changes of cholecystitis. Histological examination help where adjuvent treatment is depend up on grade, severity and Extent of invasion and also to rule out suspicion about malignancy.