Gastrointestinal carcinoids: A case report and review of literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbar.v6i11.2687Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is the largest neuroendocrine system in the body. Carcinoid tumours are the commonest neuroendocrine tumours that arise from enterochromaffin cells throughout the gut. These tumours secrete bioactive substances producing characteristic immunohistochemical and clinical patterns. With the incidence and prevalence of carcinoid tumours rising, we present 2 cases of carcinoid tumours of the gastro intestinal tract.Downloads
References
Le Douarin NM: On the origin of pancreatic endocrine cells. Cell 1988; 53:169.
Ransom W: A case of primary carcinoma of the ileum. Lancet 2:1020, 1890s.
Oberndorfer S: Karzinoide tumoren des dunndarms. Frankf Zschr Pathol 1907; 1:426.
Crocetti E, Paci E: Malignant carcinoids in the USA, SEER 1992-1999. An epidemiological study with 6830 cases. Eur J Cancer Prev 2003; 12 (3): 191-4.
Taal BG, Visser O: Epidemiology of neuroendocrine tumours. Neuroendocrinology 2004; 80 (Suppl 1): 3-7.
Rapport MM, Green AA, Page IH: Serum vasoconstrictor, serotonin: Isolation and characterization. J Biol Chem 1948; 176:1243.
Lembeck F: 5-Hydroxytryptamine in a carcinoid tumor. Nature 1953; 172:910.
Schimmack S, Svejda B, Lawrence B, et al: The diversity and commonalities of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2011; 396:273.
Hassan MM, Phan A, Li D, et al: Risk factors associated with neuroendocrine tumors: A U.S.-based case-control study. Int J Cancer 2008; 123:867.
Kaerlev L, Teglbjaerg PS, Sabroe S, et al: Occupational risk factors for small bowel carcinoid tumor: A European population-based case-control study. J Occup Environ Med 2002; 44:516.
Hiripi E, Bermejo JL, Sundquist J, et al: Familial gastrointestinal carcinoid tumours and associated cancers. Ann Oncol 2009; 20:950.
Jensen RT, Berna MJ, Bingham DB, et al: Inherited pancreatic endocrine tumor syndromes: Advances in molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and controversies. Cancer 2008; 113:1807.
Modlin IM, Latich I, Zikusoka M, et al. Gastrointestinal carcinoids: the evolution of diagnostic strategies. J Clin Gastroenterol 2006; 40 (7): 572-82.
Ardill JE, O'Dorisio TM. Circulating biomarkers in neuroendocrine tumors of the enteropancreatic tract: application to diagnosis, monitoring disease, and as prognostic indicators. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2010; 39:777-790.
Yao JC, Hassan M, Phan A, et al: One hundred years after
Vinik AI, Woltering EA, Warner RR et al. NANETS consensus guidelines for the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor. Pancreas. 2010; 39:713-734.
Northrop JA, Lee JH: Large bowel carcinoid tumors. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2007; 23 (1): 74-8.
Klimstra DS, Modlin IR, Coppola D, Lloyd RV, Suster S. The pathologic classification of neuroendocrine tumors: a review of nomenclature, grading, and staging systems. Pancreas. 2010; 39:707-712.
Modlin IM, Oberg K, Chung DC et al. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Lancet Oncol. 2008; 9:61-72.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: neuroendocrine tumors.http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines.asp. Accessed August 9, 2011.
Zuetenhorst JM, Taal BG. Metastatic carcinoid tumors: a clinical review. Oncologist. 2005; 10:123-131.
Modlin IM, Latich I, Kidd M, et al.: Therapeutic options for gastrointestinal carcinoids. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4 (5): 526-47.
Pl
Oberg K: Future aspects of somatostatin-receptor-mediated therapy. Neuroendocrinology 2004; 80 (Suppl 1): 57-61.
Kharrat HA, Taubin H: Carcinoid crisis induced by external manipulation of liver metastasis. J Clin Gastroenterol 36 (1): 87-8, 2003.
Modlin A 5-decade analysis of 13,715 carcinoid tumors. Cancer 2003; 97 (4): 934-59.
McCormick D. Carcinoid tumors and syndrome. Gastroenterol Nurs. 2002; 25:105-111.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: neuroendocrine tumors.http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines.asp. Accessed August 9, 2014.
Cancer of the Endocrine System In: DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. CancerPrinciples and Practice of Oncology. 7th ed. New York, NY: Lipppincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2005; 1813-1833.
Soga J: Carcinoids and their variant endocrinomas. An analysis of 11842 reported cases. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2003; 22 (4): 517-30.
Baumgart DC. The diagnosis and treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Deutsches Arzteblatt Int. 2009; 106:123-133.
Westberg G, W
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (SeeThe Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
