Role Of Intravenous Clonidine Hydrochloride In Attenuating Hemodynamic Response To Laryngoscopy, Endotracheal Intubation And Pneumoperitoneum In Patients Undergoing Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the type and extent of hemodynamic changes associated with Laryngoscopy, Endotracheal intubation and Pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and to study the role of intravenous Clonidine Hydrochloride in attenuating hemodynamic response in these patients. Methods: 100 adult patients of either sex, with ASA physical status I and age 20 50 years were randomly allocated to receive Inj. clonidine hydrochloride 3?g/kg diluted in 10 ml Normal saline ( group 1) or 10 ml Normal saline as placebo ( group 2) fifteen minutes prior to induction of general anesthesia. Study parameters including heart rate, blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure) and rate pressure product were monitored and recorded at various intervals during the procedure. Results: Inter group comparison showed a highly significant rise (p 0.001) in heart rate in group 2 (placebo) during various interval compared to group 1 (clonidine group). Blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure) and rate pressure product followed a similar trend like heart rate in both groups and premedication with intravenous clonidine hydrochloride (3?g/kg) definitely attenuated the rise in these hemodynamic parameters during laryngoscopy, endotracheal intubation and pneumoperitoneum. Conclusions: Clonidine premedication, unless contraindicated, may be made as a routine practice to attenuate hyperdynamic response to laryngoscopy, endotracheal intubation and pneumoperitoneum, particularly in patients where such changes are undesirable (ASA III and IV).