Recent advancements and applications of multiple emulsions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7439/ijap.v4i6.2648Abstract
Multiple emulsions are complex polydispersed systems where both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions exists simultaneously, stabilized by lipophilic and hydrophilic surfactants respectively. These emulsions are also known as emulsions of emulsions, liquid membrane system or double emulsions. Multiple emulsions can be classified into two types, namely water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) and oil-in-water-in-oil (O/W/O) emulsions. These emulsions find wide range of applications in controlled and sustained drug delivery, targeting of bioactives, vaccine adjuvants, delivery of proteins and peptides, enzyme immobilization, taste masking and treatment of drug overdose. The aim of this article was to provide a detailed review of types, preparation methods, formulation approaches, evaluation parameters, release mechanisms and applications of multiple emulsions.
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